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Gum disease is one of the most common oral health issues, affecting millions of people worldwide. While it often starts as a mild condition, if left untreated, it can lead to serious complications like tooth loss and even impact overall health. In this post, we’ll break down everything you need to know about gum disease: its symptoms, causes, and actionable tips to prevent it.

What is gum disease?

Gum disease, or periodontal disease, is an infection of the tissues that support and surround your teeth. It begins with plaque—a sticky film of bacteria that forms on teeth—and can progress to more severe stages if not properly managed.

Gum disease generally falls into two categories:

  • Gingivitis: The early stage, is characterized by inflammation of the gums.
  • Periodontitis: A more advanced stage, where the infection affects the bone and supporting structures of the teeth.

Symptoms of gum disease

Gum disease often starts silently, with mild symptoms that can be easy to overlook. However, as it progresses, the signs become more apparent. Watch out for the following:

Early Symptoms (Gingivitis):

  • Gums that bleed easily during brushing or flossing
  • Red, swollen, or tender gums
  • Persistent bad breath or a bad taste in the mouth

Advanced Symptoms (Periodontitis):

  • Receding gums that make teeth appear longer
  • Formation of deep pockets between teeth and gums
  • Loose or shifting teeth
  • Pain while chewing
  • Pus around the teeth and gums

The earlier you recognize these symptoms and seek treatment, the better your chances of halting the disease and preventing irreversible damage.

 

What causes gum disease?

The primary cause of gum disease is plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on your teeth and gums. If not removed through daily brushing and flossing, plaque hardens into tartar, which can only be removed by a dental professional. Once tartar forms, it creates an environment for bacteria to thrive, leading to inflammation and infection.

Several factors can increase your risk of developing gum disease, including:

  • Poor oral hygiene: Inadequate brushing and flossing allow plaque to accumulate
  • Smoking and tobacco use: These habits impair gum tissue and weaken your body’s ability to fight infection.
  • Genetics: A family history of gum disease can make you more susceptible.
  • Hormonal changes: Pregnancy, menopause, and puberty can make gums more sensitive.
  • Chronic conditions: Diseases like diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis can increase the risk of gum disease.
  • Stress: High-stress levels can weaken your immune system, making it harder to combat infections.

How to Prevent Gum Disease

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The best way to protect yourself from gum disease is through a combination of good oral hygiene, professional dental care, and healthy lifestyle choices. Here’s how you can keep your gums healthy:

  • Brush and floss daily: Brush your teeth at least twice a day using fluoride toothpaste and a soft-bristled toothbrush. Floss once daily to remove plaque from areas your toothbrush can’t reach.
  • Rinse with mouthwash: Use an antimicrobial or fluoride mouthwash to reduce bacteria and strengthen your teeth.
  • Get regular dental check-ups: Visit your dentist every six months for professional cleanings and examinations. If you’re at higher risk for gum disease, your dentist may recommend more frequent visits.
  • Eat a balanced diet: A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains supports your gum health. Limit sugary and acidic foods, which can promote plaque buildup.
  • Stay hydrated: Drinking plenty of water helps wash away food particles and bacteria, keeping your mouth clean.
  • Quit smoking: Smoking is one of the leading risk factors for gum disease. Quitting not only improves your oral health but also benefits your overall health.
  • Manage stress: Find ways to relax and prioritize your mental health.

The link between gum health and overall health

Did you know that gum disease doesn’t just affect your mouth? Numerous studies have shown connections between gum health and overall well-being. For example:

  • Heart disease: Inflammation from gum disease may contribute to clogged arteries and cardiovascular issues.
  • Diabetes: Gum disease can make it harder to control blood sugar levels, while diabetes increases your risk of gum disease.
  • Pregnancy complications: Pregnant women with gum disease are more likely to experience preterm births or low birth weight.

By taking care of your gums, you’re also protecting your overall health. Natural or hypoallergenic dental products can make a significant difference in gum health.

When to see a periodontist

If you notice any symptoms of gum disease or if it’s been more than six months since your last dental visit, schedule an appointment with your dentist as soon as possible. Early intervention is key to preventing the progression of gum disease and preserving your oral health.

During your appointment, your periodontist will perform a thorough examination, including measuring gum pockets and possibly taking X-rays to assess the health of your gums and underlying bone.

At Atlanta Center for Advanced Periodontics, we specialize in treating advanced gum diseases and can provide tailored treatment to restore gum health.

Take control of your gum health today

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Gum disease is preventable and treatable with the right care and attention. By recognizing the signs, understanding the causes, and taking proactive steps to maintain your gum health, you can enjoy a healthy smile for years to come.

Ready to take the first step? At Atlanta Center for Advanced Periodontics, Dr. Pumphrey and Dr. Davis provide personalized, effective treatments for all stages of gum disease. Contact us to schedule an appointment and start protecting your gums for a healthier smile!

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